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Sudan

This is a brief description of what started the conflict in this region. This is meant to provide you with history on the conflict. Updates on these conflicts are happening constantly. I post updates for all three regions on my UPDATES page, almost daily.

"Observers continue to express concern that Sudan is on the brink of a return to a full-scale civil war, despite ongoing attempts to defuse tension between opposing forces in the south and the north of the country." (VOA)

The conflict in Sudan largely includes Darfur, Abyei and Chad.

Darfur:
Rebellion in Darfur peaked in 2003 against the Arab-dominated Sudanese government, with two local rebel groups - the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) and the Sudanese Liberation Army (SLA) accusing the government of oppressing non-Arabs and neglecting Darfur.

The government responded with ground attacks by an Arab militia, the Janjaweed.

The government-supported Janjaweed are accused of mass killing, looting, and systematic rape of the non-Arab population of Darfur. They have destroyed whole villages. An estimated 2.5 are now displaced in refugee camps and an estimated 400,000+ are assumed dead, but no one is able to obtain an accurate count.

Peacekeeping deals have been attempted and signed but the Sudanese government has not cooperated in allowing help.

Abyei:
The town of Abyei is virtually non-existent at this point. It is unclear how many have died from the latest conflict in May, 2008, but the estimates on displaced from that area are around 90,000 people. (More info)

Chad:
"Reflecting the violence that has swept in both directions across the Chad-Sudan border, there are 250,000 Sudanese refugees scattered in a dozen camps in eastern Chad and 180,000 internally displaced Chadians, U.N. officials say."
"Sudan broke diplomatic relations with Chad last month (May, 08) after accusing Deby’s government of arming and directing a May 10 raid against Khartoum by rebels from the western Sudanese region of Darfur. Chad denies the charge and accuses Khartoum of backing anti-Deby rebels who attacked the Chadian capital in February." (Sudan Tribune)

Sudan civil war History:
"The First Sudanese Civil War (also known as Anyanya rebellion or Anyanya I, after the name of the rebels) was a conflict from 1955 to 1972 between the northern part of Sudan and a south that demanded more regional autonomy. Half a million people died over the 17 years of war, which may be divided into three stages: initial guerrilla war, Anyanya and South Sudan Liberation Movement. However, the agreement that ended the fighting in 1972 failed to completely dispel the tensions that had originally caused the civil war, leading to a reigniting of the north-south conflict during the Second Sudanese Civil War (or Anyanya II) (1983–2005). The period between 1955 and 2005 is thus sometimes considered to be a single conflict with an eleven-year ceasefire that separates two violent phases." (wikipedia)

"The Second Sudanese Civil War (sometimes referred to as Anyanya II) started in 1983, although it was largely a continuation of the First Sudanese Civil War of 1955 to 1972. It took place, for the most part, in southern Sudan and was one of the longest lasting and deadliest wars of the later 20th century. Roughly 1.9 million civilians were killed in southern Sudan, and more than 4 million have been forced to flee their homes at one time or another since the war began. The civilian death toll is one of the highest of any war since World War II.[1] The conflict officially ended with the signing of a peace agreement in January 2005, yet fighting continues to the present day, and hundreds of thousands remain internally displaced." (wikipedia)